|
ATP synthase () is an important enzyme that provides energy for the cell to use through the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ATP is the most commonly used "energy currency" of cells from most organisms. It is formed from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and inorganic phosphate (Pi), and needs energy. The overall reaction sequence is: ADP + Pi → ATP, where ADP and Pi are joined together by ATP synthase Energy is often released in the form of hydrogen ions (), moving down an electrochemical gradient, such as from the lumen into the stroma of chloroplasts or from the inter-membrane space into the matrix in mitochondria. ==Structure== Located within the thylakoid membrane and inner mitochondrial membrane, ATP synthase consists of 2 regions * the FO portion is within the membrane. * The F1 portion of the ATP synthase is above the membrane, inside the matrix of the mitochondria. The nomenclature of the enzyme has a long history. The F1 fraction derives its name from the term "Fraction 1" and FO (written as a subscript letter "o", not "zero") derives its name from being the binding fraction for oligomycin, a type of naturally-derived antibiotic that is able to inhibit the FO unit of ATP synthase. These functional regions consist of different protein subunits — refer to tables. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「ATP synthase」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|